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lx2201 p roduction d ata s heet microsemi integrated products division 11861 western avenue, garden grove, ca. 92841, 714-898-8121, fax: 714-893-2570 page 1 copyright ? 2000 rev. 1.1, 2004-08-03 www. microsemi . com usb li-ion battery charger tm ? description the lx2201 linear battery charger is a multi-state (2 stage) li-ion battery charger (constant current / constant voltage) that can supply up to 2a of charging current into a single cell li-ion battery. lx2201 is a cost effective , high perfor- mance usb battery charger. the lx2201 features a 2a high charge current, with automatic power savings using isolated battery topology, user programmability in usb charging, and an extended battery life with low rds on in discharge. in usb mode, the lx2201 has advantages over competition chargers with the usb limit control circuit and low rds on in discharge mode. the usb limit control circuit allows simultaneous battery charging while the device is in operation. the v dd to supply load is independent of the v bat charging logic. in discharge mode a low rds on provides low loss and heavy transient. the lx2201 is a low cost, highly integrated battery charger solution. . it only requires three external resistors: one for setting the constant charge current level, one for setting the termination charge current, and one for setting v in . it also has a built in thermostat that will throttle back the charge current to keep the die temperature from exceeding 150c; this feature insures the lx2201 delivers the maximum charge rate for a given thermal environment. lx2201 support two types of li-ion battery chemistry; 4.1v and 4.2v through logical input (vm pin).. a high accuracy current sensing circuit allows batteries to be fully charged before terminating the charge cycle. the lx2201 design enhances system battery life by avoiding premature discharge of li-ion battery with a separate battery terminal voltage from system load when adaptor charging is used, i.e. trickle charge. the lx2201 provides a charging status indicator. the integrated pmos pass element features low drop out voltage while providing an inherent load disconnect with virtually no drain on the battery when disabled or when the input power is removed. additionally a battery load disconnect switch has been integrated which provides seamless power switching when transitioning between charge and discharge modes. the lx2201 features a pre-charge conditioning mode for batteries that have been deeply discharged and also has a top off charge mode for batteries that are left on the charger for extended periods. the lx2201 is available in a high power 4mm x 4mm, 20-pin mlp, surface mount package. important: for the most current data, consult microsemi ?s website: http://www.microsemi.com key features ? 2a charge current ? usb compliant charging states ? low rds on in discharge mode ? power saving and conditional mode for deep discharge ? selectable li-ion battery for 4.1v or 4.2v applications ? internal pass element can function as a reverse direction load switch ? no sense resistor required ? full capacity charging ? true charge indicator ? wall supply regulator tolerance 5v + 10% ? built in mosfet driver for easy ac adapter/usb implementation ? topping charge with voltage monitoring mode ? inherent load disconnect ? small, high power 20-lead mlp package applications ? batteries with 350mah to 2ah ratings ? cell phones ? pdas ? charging cradles ? digital cameras ? low cost single li-ion cell chargers product highlight lx2201 lx2201 ac/dc adapter to system regulator usb power usb lo / hi vm vin vdd bat bat bat cmp vdd vdd bat vdd nc psw vid1 vid0 gnd cus ctp stat ccp state select truth table vid0 vid1 vdd > v bat v bat > vdd 0 0 switch open ? charging disabled. switch open ? discharge disabled. 0 1 charging ? usb high level if using v in. switch open ? discharge disabled. 1 0 charging ? usb low level if using v in. battery discharging. mosfet fully enhanced with current flow v bat to vdd. 1 1 charging ? usb high level if using v in. battery discharging. mosfet fully enhanced with current flow v bat to vdd. package order info t a ( c) lq plastic mlp 4x4mm 20-pin 0 to 70 lx2201clq note: available in tape & reel. append the letters ?tr? to the part number. (i.e. LX2201CLQ-TR) l l x x 2 2 2 2 0 0 1 1
lx2201 p roduction d ata s heet microsemi integrated products division 11861 western avenue, garden grove, ca. 92841, 714-898-8121, fax: 714-893-2570 page 2 copyright ? 2000 rev. 1.1, 2004-08-03 www. microsemi . com usb li-ion battery charger tm ? absolute maximum ratings supply voltage (vin )..........................................................................-0.3v to 7v analog input signals (vidx, vm, sns) .............................................-0.3v to 7v battery charging current (i bat ).........................................................................2a discharge current (i vdd )....................................................................................3a operating junction temperature.................................................................. 150 c storage temperat ure range...........................................................-65 c to 150 c lead temperature (soldering 180 seconds) ................................................ 235 c v in maximum dc current..........................................................................500ma v in maximum surge current.............................................................................2a note: exceeding these ratings could cause damage to the device. all voltages are with respect to ground. currents are positive into, negative out of specified terminal . thermal data lq plastic micro lead frame quad package 20-pin thermal resistance - junction to a mbient , ja 40 c/w junction temperature calculation: t j = t a + (p d x ja ). the ja numbers are guidelines for the thermal performan ce of the device/pc-board system. all of the above assume no ambient airflow. package pin out vdd vdd vdd vdd vin cmp bat bat bat bat n.c. psw vid1 vid0 vm ccp stat ctp cus gnd 1 6 11 16 2 3 4 5 78910 12 13 14 15 17 18 19 20 pad is gnd lq p ackage (top view) n.c. ? no internal connection functional pin description name description bat charging output - this pin is wired to the positive terminal of the battery. (t he negative battery terminal is wired to gn d.) ccp charge current programming pin - a resistor (rcp) is connec ted between this pin and gnd. the constant current is determined by the following relationship: bat(max) 65000 rcp i= cmp compensation pin ? connect a 0.1uf compens ation capacitor from this pin to vdd. ctp charge termination programming pin ? a resistor (rtp) is connected between this pin and gnd. the termination charge current is determined by the following relationship: bat(min) 7500 rtp i= cus maximum vin current programming pin ? a resistor (rus) is connected between this pin and gnd. the hi level charge current is determined by the following relationship: in(hi)) 1211 i= rus gnd common ground nc not connected. this pin is connected internally and should be left floating. psw pmos switch driver ? this output is designed to drive the gate of an external pmos power switch. the driver is pulled low (pmos on state) when vdd > v bat . vdd common power node ? connects to system power bus. vidx state select input ? applying a two bit ttl compatible signal sets the desired state of the charger corresponding to the truth table. vin voltage input ? current limited usb input. apply a usb compliant power input. vm voltage mode select - selects the constant voltage charge level. wired to vin for 4.1v and gnd for 4.2v. stat status - this pin is a logic high level when the battery is being charged. a low signal indicates either under voltage lockout, charge completed, or v bat > vdd, or vid0 = vid1 = 0. p p a a c c k k a a g g e e d d a a t t a a
lx2201 p roduction d ata s heet microsemi integrated products division 11861 western avenue, garden grove, ca. 92841, 714-898-8121, fax: 714-893-2570 page 3 copyright ? 2000 rev. 1.1, 2004-08-03 www. microsemi . com usb li-ion battery charger tm ? electrical characteristics unless otherwise specified, the following specificati ons apply over the operat ing ambient temperature 0 c t a 70 c except where otherwise noted and the followi ng test conditions: vdd = 5.0v. lx2201 parameter symbol test conditions min typ max units ` main circuitry input voltage vdd 4.5 6 v vdd > v bat 4 8 ma quiescent current i gnd vdd < v bat 3 5 a ctp bias voltage v ctp r ctp = 150k, i bat > 100ma 1.25 v ccp bias voltage v ccp 1.25 v cus bias voltage v cus 2.6 v ` constant voltage mode vm = hi 4.16 4.2 4.24 constant current charge voltage v ccl vm = lo 4.06 4.1 4.14 v maximum dropout voltage v in ? v bat i bat = 1a 350 mv top off charge droop threshold v drp 96 97 98 bat cvl v % v ` constant current mode bat constant current accuracy i ccl r ccp = 64.9k 0.85 1 1.15 a bat constant current level i bat v bat < (v cvl ? 100mv) 0.35 2 a conditioning current i cond v bat < v ctv ; @25 c 3.0 4.75 6.0 bat ccl i % i conditioning current mode threshold voltage v ctv 60 64 68 bat cvl v % v charge termination current accuracy i bat r ctp = 150k ; @25 c 35 50 65 ma ` usb current limit usb low current limit i in v in = 5v, vdd < v in , vid1 = lo, r usb = 2.55k 85 93 100 ma usb high current limit i in v in = 5v, vdd < v in , vid1 = hi, r usb = 2.55k 425 463 500 ma ` logic stat logic high output v stat v in = 5.0v, i stat = -5ma 4.5 5 v stat logic low output v stat v in = 5.0v, i stat = 25a 0.4 v logic hi 2.0 state select threshold v vid logic lo 0.8 v logic hi 2.0 vm select threshold v vm logic lo 0.8 v ` thermal shutdown maximum junction temperature t j v in = 5.0v, i out = 1a, temperature rising 130 140 150 c ` bi-directional pass element control discharge switch on resistance r ds(on) i bat = -1a 130 150 m ? charging threshold v chg v in > v bat + v chg 0 5 10 mv discharging threshold v dch v in > v bat + v dch 0 5 10 mv pass element switch mode delay tsw charge?t o?discharge or discharge?to?charge 5 s ` psw fet driver high output voltage v psw v in < v bat , i psw = 0, v bat = 4.2v 4.1 4.2 v low output voltage v psw v in > v bat , i psw = 0 0 0.2 v or-ing resistance r psw 5 10 15 k ? switch delay (vdd > v bat to vdd < v bat ) t psw c psw = 1000pf, to v psw = (v bat ? 1v) 0 500 1000 ns e e l l e e c c t t r r i i c c a a l l s s
lx2201 p roduction d ata s heet microsemi integrated products division 11861 western avenue, garden grove, ca. 92841, 714-898-8121, fax: 714-893-2570 page 4 copyright ? 2000 rev. 1.1, 2004-08-03 www. microsemi . com usb li-ion battery charger tm ? simplified block diagram vin 0.1 vdd bat charge/ discharge control gnd constant current control ccp temperature control constant voltage control usb limit control cus vm charge termination control ctp vid1 vid0 psw stat cmp figure 1 ? simplified block diagram b b l l o o c c k k d d i i a a g g r r a a m m
lx2201 p roduction d ata s heet microsemi integrated products division 11861 western avenue, garden grove, ca. 92841, 714-898-8121, fax: 714-893-2570 page 5 copyright ? 2000 rev. 1.1, 2004-08-03 www. microsemi . com usb li-ion battery charger tm ? application circuits start v dd > v bat yes discharge mode no v bat >60% condition charge mode no yes constant current charge mode temp < 140 reduce charge current i in < i usb yes reduce charge current yes no no v bat > v cv constant voltage charge mode yes no i bat vbat or vidx change state. return to the top of the chart. lx2201 control flow diagram vid0 = 1 yes switch off no i usb determined by the state of vid1. vid0 = 1 yes no vid0 = 1 yes no figure 2 ? control flow diagram a a p p p p l l i i c c a a t t i i o o n n s s
lx2201 p roduction d ata s heet microsemi integrated products division 11861 western avenue, garden grove, ca. 92841, 714-898-8121, fax: 714-893-2570 page 6 copyright ? 2000 rev. 1.1, 2004-08-03 www. microsemi . com usb li-ion battery charger tm ? application schematics ac/dc adapter usb power usb lo / hi lx2201 nc vid1 vid0 vm psw vdd vin vdd bat bat cus ctp ccp gnd bat bat cmp vdd vdd stat to system power bus 150k 2.5k 75k 0.1uf 10uf 10uf figure 3 ? ac adapter and usb supply (charge and discharge modes) application schematics (continued) ac/dc adapter off / on lx2201 nc vid1 vid0 vm psw vdd vin vdd bat bat cus ctp ccp gnd bat bat cmp vdd vdd stat to vdd dmmt3906w to bat 576k 499k 499k 499k 100k to system power bus 150k 2.5k 75k 0.1uf 10uf 10uf figure 4 ? ac adapter with charging voltage headroom regulat ion (for use with a current limited power supply) a a p p p p l l i i c c a a t t i i o o n n s s
lx2201 p roduction d ata s heet microsemi integrated products division 11861 western avenue, garden grove, ca. 92841, 714-898-8121, fax: 714-893-2570 page 7 copyright ? 2000 rev. 1.1, 2004-08-03 www. microsemi . com usb li-ion battery charger tm ? 98 98.5 99 99.5 100 100.5 101 101.5 -55 -35 -15 5 25 45 65 85 ambient temperature (c) charging current accuracy (%) chart 1 ? charging current accuracy over temperature 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 -55 -35 -15 5 25 45 65 85 am bient temperature (c) termination current (ma) chart 2 ? termination current over temperature 462 462.2 462.4 462.6 462.8 463 463.2 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 vin voltage (v) usb high current (ma) chart 3 ? usb high current over vin voltage 92 92.1 92.2 92.3 92.4 92.5 92.6 92.7 92.8 92.9 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 vin voltage (v) usb low current (ma) chart 4 ? usb low current over vin voltage 99 99.5 100 100.5 101 101.5 102 102.5 103 44.5 55.5 66.5 vdd voltage (v) charging current accuracy (%) chart 5 ? charging current over vdd voltage 5 4 3 2 1 0 50 100 150 200 250 200 400 600 800 1000 battery voltage stat voltage battery current (ma) time (minutes) chart 6 ? battery current & voltage vs. time c c h h a a r r t t s s
lx2201 p roduction d ata s heet microsemi integrated products division 11861 western avenue, garden grove, ca. 92841, 714-898-8121, fax: 714-893-2570 page 8 copyright ? 2000 rev. 1.1, 2004-08-03 www. microsemi . com usb li-ion battery charger tm ? theory of operation g eneral d escription the lx2201 is designed to charge a single cell lithium ion battery using two steps: a constant current step followed by a constant voltage step. the basic charger function uses the vdd pins as an input and bat pins as the output. the lx2201 charger has a programmable maximum current (programmable by the resistor value between pin ccp to gnd) which is the maximum charging current during the constant current mode of the charging profile. the low dropout of the pass element allows the battery to be charged from a loosely regulated power supply. in the constant voltage mode, the battery terminal voltage can be regulated to 4.1v or 4.2v by strapping the vm pin to vdd or gnd, respectively. the charger will terminate constant voltage charging once the current drops below the minimum current setting (programmable by the resistor value between pin ctp to gnd). the lx2201 has an integrated thermostat with a linear thermal regulation loop that will throttle back the charging current to prevent the internal die temperature from exceeding 150oc. this featur e prevents damage to the system board when the ic exceeds its thermal temperature. c urrent c harge m ode a conditioning current is applied to batteries that are deeply discharged and have a terminal voltage less than 60% of the constant voltage le vel. the conditioning current is 5% of the ccp programmable constant current level (except where it might be limited in the usb states). once the battery terminal voltage exceeds the 60% level, the full constant current level is applied (unless charging current is limited by one of the other charger control loops). c harge t ermination m ode to increase system battery life and avoid float charging, the lx2201 turns off the pass element once the battery has been fully charged. the charge termination state occurs at the end of constant voltage mode. the charge status changes state when charging is completed. t op o ff c harge m ode once the charger has completed a charge cycle, if power remains applied, the lx2201 enters a voltage monitoring mode. in this mode the lx2201 monitors the battery terminal voltage and applies a top off charge if the battery voltage drops by more than 3% of full scale. this feature is especially important for charging systems in equipment where usage is infrequent. usb c harge m ode the lx2201 is fully compliant with, and supports, the usb specifications ? the low power peripheral (100ma) and high power peripherals (500ma). vid1 logic input selects usb charge currents. the lx2201 senses the current flowing from the vin terminal to the vdd terminal; then it limits the vin current by reducing the current flowing from v dd to v bat . note: the usb charge limit circuit does not limit the input current and only scales the charging current. d ischarge m ode in discharge mode, vid0 is, indicate discharge mode enable. the system load is connected to vdd. the input power is connected to vdd through an internal diode. when the input power is removed, the battery current flows from v bat to vdd. the circuit of figure 3 shows the lx2201 in a discharge mode configuration with both ac adapter and usb inputs. the usb input is diode ored to the vdd pin and uses a mosfet to reduce the diode drop across the oring di ode. the lx2201 provides a signal ?psw? to control the mosfet for charge and discharge modes. when both ac and usb power are applied the psw signal is ov erridden by the ac adapter diode and the mosfet is turned off a a p p p p l l i i c c a a t t i i o o n n s s
lx2201 p roduction d ata s heet microsemi integrated products division 11861 western avenue, garden grove, ca. 92841, 714-898-8121, fax: 714-893-2570 page 9 copyright ? 2000 rev. 1.1, 2004-08-03 www. microsemi . com usb li-ion battery charger tm ? application note c urrent l imited p ower s upplies when using input power supplies that are current limited or have high source impedance, the battery charging current and/or load current can pull the vdd pin down very close to the battery terminal voltage. this may cause the lx2201 to enter an indeterminate state where it switches between charge and discharge modes. to prevent this, the pnp differential amplifier circuit of figure 4 can be added; this circuit adds an additional control loop that regulates the charger headroom to 300mv by scaling back the battery charging current. the internal power switch within the lx2201 requires the power supply have a minimal level of strength to switch from discharge mode to charge mode. if the power source is severely current limited, the lx2201 may not open the discharge switch. in this ca se, a small amount of current will be allowed to flow into the battery unregulated. if left in this state indefinitely, the current will eventually raise the battery terminal voltage to the point where the batteries internal protection circuitry will open the circuit. typically, the lx2201 requires a minimum of 80ma in usb mode and 200ma using the vdd input to force the switchover to charge mode. alternatively, if weak power sources are used, the switchover from discharge to charge mode can be forced by momentarily setting vid0 and vid1 to a low state, which will open the discharge switch allowing the vdd voltage to rise so the lx2201 can enter charge mode. usb c ompliance to be compliant with the usb specification, the +5v current must be less than 100ma in the low power mode and less than 500ma in the high power mode. if the lx2201 is configured as shown in figure 3, it is possible for the system to consume more than the maximum allowed usb current (in whic h case the battery charging current will have been fully s caled back). if it is not possible to regulate the load current when charging from a usb power source and strict adherence to the usb power budget is required. in this case the system load can be applied directly to the battery and the lx2201 will prevent the load + battery from drawing more power than is allowed for usb compliance. a better approach that provides battery isolation may be used; in this approach, the op amp circuit provides a current limiter that prevents the system from exceeding the usb power limits. the battery is only discharged if the ac adapter or usb inputs are removed or current limited. l ayout g uidelines ? it is important when laying out the lx2201 to place 10f ceramic capacitors close to the vdd and v bat ic terminals to filter switching transients. ? it is important to provide a low thermal impedance path from the thermal pad on the bottom of the lx2201 package to the gr ound plane of the circuit board to maximize the heat dissipation. a a p p p p l l i i c c a a t t i i o o n n s s
lx2201 p roduction d ata s heet microsemi integrated products division 11861 western avenue, garden grove, ca. 92841, 714-898-8121, fax: 714-893-2570 page 10 copyright ? 2000 rev. 1.1, 2004-08-03 www. microsemi . com usb li-ion battery charger tm ? package dimensions lq 20-pin mlpq plastic 4x4mm (114x114dap) e a e b e2 d2 l d a3 a1 m illimeters i nches dim min max min max a 0.80 1.00 0.031 0.039 a1 0.00 0.05 0.000 0.002 a3 0.20 ref 0.008 ref b 0.18 0.30 0.007 0.088 d 4.00 bsc 0.157 bsc d2 2.59 2.79 0.102 0.110 e 4.00 bsc 0.157 bsc e2 2.59 2.79 0.102 0.110 e 0.50 bsc 0.019 bsc l 0.30 0.50 0.011 0.019 m m e e c c h h a a n n i i c c a a l l s s
lx2201 p roduction d ata s heet microsemi integrated products division 11861 western avenue, garden grove, ca. 92841, 714-898-8121, fax: 714-893-2570 page 11 copyright ? 2000 rev. 1.1, 2004-08-03 www. microsemi . com usb li-ion battery charger tm ? notes production data ? information contained in this document is proprietary to microsemi and is current as of publication date. this document may not be modified in any way without the express written consent of microsemi. product processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters. microsemi reserves the right to change the configuration and performance of the product and to discontinue product at any time. n n o o t t e e s s

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